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Explanation: In December of 1972, Apollo 17 astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt spent about 75 hours exploring the Moon's Taurus-Littrow valley while colleague Ronald Evans orbited overhead. Cernan and Schmitt were the last humans to walk or ride on the Moon - aided in their explorations by a Lunar Roving Vehicle. The skeletal-looking lunar rover was just over 10 feet long, 6 feet wide and easily carried astronauts, equipment, and rock samples in the Moon's low gravity (about 1/6 Earth's). In this picture, Cernan stands at the back of the rover which carried the two astronauts in lawn-chair style seats. An umbrella-shaped high gain antenna and TV camera are mounted in the front. Powered by four 1/4 horsepower electric motors, one for each wheel, this rover was driven a total of about 18 miles across the lunar surface. Its estimated top speed was nearly 8 miles per hour.

The Next Lunar Rover?

The resulting "FLO Rover" concept which emerged was a six-wheeled "truck" capable of transporting both crew and cargo, and being operated by either onboard crewmembers or remote teleoperation. It would be capable of piloted round-trip traverses up to 50 km and teleoperated round-trip traverses of up to 400 km. The mass of the vehicle approached one metric ton (see mass breakout in graphic), and with its carrying capacity of 1000 kg had a mass-to-payload ratio of just over 1.0. The overall dimensions were 4.0 m in length, 3.0 m in width, and 2.25 m in height at the top of the roll bar. Each wheel is 1.0 m in diameter and independently steered and powered. The vehicle is powered by a small Dynamic Isotope Power System (DIPS), located aft of the crew station and forward of the cargo area.

The cargo area is unique in that it is an open frame without a classical "cargo bed." Cargo is instead loaded, transported, and deployed by a mechanism which supports the cargo by standard location trunion pins along the sides of the cargo pallets, much in the same way cargo pallets are secured in the Space Shuttle payload bay. The cargo area can be configured for a wide range of functions from crew transport to remote loading and unloading of science cargo.

Lunar Rover Operations Handbook

Doc. LS006-002-2H
Prepared by the Boeing Company
LRV Systems Engineering
Huntsville, Alabama
April 19, 1971

Digital Images by Eric Jones using a Kodak DC280.
Last revised 27 June 2000.

Section 1 - General Information

• Cover Sheet

   

• Page A, Text - List of Effective Pages

   

• Page i, Text - Handbook Configuration

   

• Page ii, Text - Table of Contents

   

• Page iii, Text - Table of Contents (continued)

   

• Page iv, Text - List of Illustrations

   

• Page v, Text - List of Illustrations (continued)

   

• Page vi, Text - List of Illustrations (continued)

   

• Page vii, Text - List of Tables

   

• Page viii, Text - LRV Flight Unit Partial Drawing List (For Reference Only)

   

• Page 1-1, Text - Introduction, Description, Vehicle Systems

   

• Page 1-2, Figure 1-1 (sheet 1 of 2), LRV Without Stowed Payload

   

• Page 1-3, Figure 1-1 (sheet 2 of 2), LRV Components and Dimensions

   

• Page 1-4, Figure 1-2, 1G Trainer

   

• Page 1-5, Text - Mobility Subsystem, Wheel, Traction Drive

   

• Page 1-6, Figure 1-3, Mobility Subsystem

   

• Page 1-7, Figure 1-4 (sheet 1 of 2), LRV Wheel Cross-Section

   

• Page 1-8, Figure 1-4 (sheet 2 of 2), 1G Trainer Wheel and Pneumatic Tire

   

• Page 1-9, Figure 1-5 (sheet 1 of 2), LRV Traction Drive Assembly

   

• Page 1-10, Figure 1-5 (sheet 2 of 2), 1G Trainer Traction Drive Assembly

   

• Page 1-11, Figure 1-6, Traction Drive Installation

   

• Page 1-12, Text - Harmonic Drive, Drive Motor

   

• Page 1-13, Text - Brakes, Suspension

   

• Page 1-14, Figure 1-7, Suspension Assembly

   

• Page 1-15, Text - Steering, Hand Controller

   

• Page 1-16, Figure 1-8, Steering Assembly

   

• Page 1-17, Figure 1-9, Steering Control Block Diagram

   

• Page 1-18, Figure 1-10, Wheel and Steering Disconnects

   

• Page 1-19, Figure 1-11, Hand Controller

   

• Page 1-20, Text - Speed Control, Steering Control

   

• Page 1-21, Figure 1-12, Torque Required to Rotate Hand Controller for Throttle Control

   

• Page 1-22, Figure 1-13, Torque Required to Rotate Hand Controller for Steering Control

   

• Page 1-23, Text - Braking Control

   

• Page 1-24, Figure 1-14, Brake Control Force Vs. Displacement

   

• Page 1-25, Text - Drive Control Electronics

   

• Page 1-26, Figure 1-15, Drive Control Electronics - Block Diagram

   

• Page 1-27, Text - Braking Control (continued)

   

• Page 1-28, Text - Electrical Power Subsystem

   

• Page 1-29, Figure 1-16, LRV Battery Configuration

   

• Page 1-30, Figure 1-17, LRV Batteries, Thermal Blanket, and Dust Covers

   

• Page 1-31, Distribution and Monitoring System, Caution and Warning System/li>

   

• Page 1-32, Figure 1-18, Power Distribution System Schematic

   

• Page 1-33, Figure 1-19, LRV Monitor Schematic

   

• Page 1-34, Figure 1-20, Caution and Warning System

   

• Page 1-35, Text - Auxiliary Connector

   

• Page 1-36, Figure 1-21, Auxiliary Connector Location

   

• Page 1-37, Text - Control and Display Console, Attitude Indicator, Heading Indicator, Bearing Indicator, Distance Indicator

   

• Page 1-38, Figure 1-22, Control and Display Console

   

• Page 1-39, Table 1-1, Control and Display Console Controls

   

• Page 1-40, Table 1-1 (continued), Control and Display Console Controls

   

• Page 1-41, Text - Range Indicator, Speed Indicator, Sun Shadow Device

   

• Page 1-42, Text - Navigation Subsystem

   

• Page 1-43, Figure 1-23, Navigation Subsystem Block Diagram

   

• Page 1-44, Figure 1-24, Navigation Components on LRV

   

• Page 1-45, Figure 1-25, Navigation System Electrical Schematic

   

• Page 1-46, Figure 1-26, Vehicle Attitude Indicator

   

• Page 1-47, Figure 1-27, Sun Shadow Device

   

• Page 1-48, Text - Navigation Subsystem (continued)

   

• Page 1-49, Text - Crew Station, Seats, Footrests, Inboard Handholds, Outboard Handholds, Arm Rest

   

• Page 1-50, Figure 1-28, Crew Station Components

   

• Page 1-51, Text - Seat Belts, Fenders, Toeholds, Floor Panels

   

• Page 1-52, Figure 1-29, Seat Belts

   

• Page 1-53, Figure 1-30, Crew Station Floor Panels

   

• Page 1-54, Text - Thermal Control, LRV Thermal Control, Forward Chassis Thermal Control

   

• Page 1-55, Figure 1-31, Thermal Control Provisions (Forward Chassis)

   

• Page 1-56, Figure 1-32, Drive Control Electronics Thermal Control

   

• Page 1-57, Figure 1-33, SPU Electronics and Battery No.1 Thermal Control

   

• Page 1-58, Figure 1-34, Battery No. 2 and Direction Gyro Unit Thermal Control

   

• Page 1-59, Figure 1-35, Battery Dust Cover Closing Mechanism

   

• Page 1-60, Figure 1-36, Forward Chassis Insulation Blanket

   

• Page 1-61, Text - Center Chassis Thermal Control, 1G Trainer Thermal Control

   

• Page 1-62, Table 1-2, 1G Trainer Thermal Control Device Se Points

   

• Page 1-63, Text, 1G Trainer Thermal Control (continued)

   

• Page 1-64, Text - Space Support Equipment (SSE), Structural Support Description, Deployment Hardware Description, Deployment Mechanism Operations

   

• Page 1-65, Figure 1-37, Space Support Equipment

   

• Page 1-66, Figure 1-38, LM/SSE with LRV Installed

   

• Page 1-67, Figure 1-39, LRV Deployment Sequence

   

• Page 1-68, Text - Phase I Deployment Description, Phase II Deployment Description, Phase III Deployment Description

   

• Page 1-69, Figure 1-40, Insulation Blanket

   

• Page 1-70, Figure 1-41, LRV Deployment Tapes and Cables

   

• Page 1-71, Figure 1-42, D-Handle Release System

   

• Page 1-72, Figure 1-43, LRV/SSE Support Structure and Release System

   

• Page 1-73, Figure 1-44, Braked Reel

   

• Page 1-74, Text - Phase III Deployment Description (continued)

   

• Page 1-75, Figure 1-45, LRV Saddle and Forward Chassis Latch Release

   

• Page 1-76, Figure 1-46, Forward and Rear Chassis Latch

   

• Page 1-77, Figure 1-47, Wheel Lock Strut Release

   

• Page 1-78, Text - Phase III Deployment Description (continued), Phases IV Deployment Description, Phase V Deployment Description

   

Section 2 - Normal Procedures

• Page 2-1, Text - Introduction

   

• Page 2-2, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment

   

• Page 2-3, Figure 2-1, Support and Latch Mechanisms Latched Configuration

   

• Page 2-4, Figure 2-2, LRV Deployment Tapes and Cables

   

• Page 2-5, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment (continued)

   

• Page 2-6, Figure 2-3, LRV Deployment Envelope and Envelope for Deployment Tape Operation

   

• Page 2-7, Figure 2-4, Crewman Position to Deploy LRV

   

• Page 2-8, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment (continued)

   

• Page 2-9, Figure 2-5, LRV Deployment Sequence

   

• Page 2-10, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment (continued)

   

• Page 2-11, Figure 2-6, LRV Deployment Hardware and Steering Ring Locations (Sheet1 of 2)

   

• Page 2-12, Figure 2-6, LRV Deployment Hardware Locations (Sheet 2 of 2)

   

• Page 2-13, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment (continued)

   

• Page 2-14, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment (continued)

   

• Page 2-15, Figure 2-7, Foot Rest Deployment

   

• Page 2-16, Figure 2-8, Control and Display Console Deployment

   

• Page 2-17, Figure 2-9, Seat and PLSS Support Deployment Sequence

   

• Page 2-18, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment (continued)

   

• Page 2-19, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment (continued)

   

• Page 2-20, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment (continued)

   

• Page 2-21, Text - Unloading and Chassis Deployment (continued)

   

• Page 2-22, Text - LRV Post Deployment Checkout and Drive to MESA

   

• Page 2-23, Text - LRV Post Deployment Checkout and Drive to MESA (continued)

   

• Page 2-24, Figure 2-10, Crew Position

   

• Figure 2-11 - Temporarily unavailable

   

• Page 2-26, Text - LRV Post Deployment Checkout and Drive to MESA (continued)

   

• Page 2-27, Text - LRV Post Deployment Checkout and Drive to MESA (continued)

   

• Page 2-28, Text - LRV Post Deployment Checkout and Drive to MESA (continued)

   

• Page 2-29, Text - Payload Loading

   

• Page 2-30, Figure 2-12, LCRU/TV/LRV Cable Stowage

   

• Page 2-31, Figure 2-13, LCRU, High-Gain Antenna, TV Camera Installation

   

• Page 2-32, Text - Payload Loading (continued)

   

• Page 2-33, Text - Payload Loading (continued)

   

• Page 2-34, Figure 2-14, 16mm DAC and Low-Gain Antenna Installation

   

• Page 2-35, Text - Payload Loading (continued)

   

• Page 2-36, Figure 2-15, LCRU Low-Gain Antenna Cable Installation of Lunar Surface

   

• Page 2-37, Figure 2-16, LRV Rear Payload Pallet Adapters

   

• Page 2-38, Text - Payload Loading (continued)

   

• Page 2-39, Figfure 2-17, Rear Payload Pallet Installed

   

• Page 2-40, Figure 2-18, Buddy SLSS Installation

   

• Page 2-41, Text - Pre Sortie Checkout and Preparation

   

• Page 2-42, Text - Pre Sortie Checkout and Preparation (continued)

   

• Page 2-43, Text - Pre Sortie Checkout and Preparation (continued)

   

• Page 2-44, Text - Pre Sortie Checkout and Preparation (continued)

   

• Page 2-45, Text - LRV Configuration for Science Stop

   

• Page 2-46, Text - LRV Configuration Prior to Leaving Science Stop

   

• Page 2-47, Text - LRV Configuration Prior to Leaving Science Stop (continued)

   

• Page 2-48, Text - Post Sortie Checkout

   

• Page 2-49, Text - Post Sortie Checkout (continued)

   

• Page 2-50, Text - Display Reading Sequence and Time Intervals

   

Section 3 - Malfunction Procedures

• Page 3-1, Text - Introduction, Symptom Column, Procedure Column, Remarks Column

   

• Page 3-2, Table 3-1, Malfunction Procedures

   

• Page 3-3, Text - Caution and Warning Flag Actuates; Either Battery Temp Greater than 125F

   

• Page 3-4, Text - One Drive Motor Temp Greater Than 400F, Abnormal Imbalance Between Batt 1 and Batt 2 Amps - Vehicle Acceleration Normal or Low

   

• Page 3-5, Text - Abnormal Imbalance Between Batt 1 and Batt 2 Amps - Vehicle Acceleration Normal or Low (continued), Front (Rear) Wheels Do Not Respond to Handcontroller Steering Commands

   

• Page 3-6, Text - One or More Wheels Drive While in Neutral

   

• Page 3-7, Text - Loss of Drive from One or More Wheels - Commanded Acceleration Abnormally Low

   

• Page 3-8, Text - Commanded Vehicle Speed Abnormally High - Speed Not Variable on One or More Wheels

   

• Page 3-9, Text - Loss of Drive from All Wheels

   

• Page 3-10, Text - Brake Will Not Release

   

• Page 3-11, Text - Loss of Voice Comm with MSFN

   

• Page 3-12, Text - Loss of Voice Comm with MSFN (continued)

   

Section 4 - Auxiliary Equipment

• Page 4-1, Text - Introduction, Forward Chassis Payload Provisions, Center Chassis Payload Provisions

   

• Page 4-2, Figure 4-1, LCRU, High Gain Antenna, TV Camera Installation

   

• Page 4-3, Figure 4-2, LCRU/TV/LRV Cable Stowage

   

• Page 4-4, Figure 4-3, LCRU Low Gain Antenna Cable Installation on Lunar Surface

   

• Page 4-5, Figure 4-4, 16 MM DAC and Low Gain Antenna Installation

   

• Page 4-6, Text - Center Chassis Payload Provisions (continued), Rear Chassis Payload Provisions

   

• Page 4-7, Figure 4-5, UnderSeat6 Stowage Bag (Left Seat)

   

• Page 4-8, Figure 4-6, Passenger Seat Stowage to Create Payload Area on Center Chassis Floor

   

• Page 4-9, Figure 4-7, Buddy SLSS Installation

   

• Page 4-10, Figure 4-8, LRV Rear Payload Pallet Adapters

   

• Page 4-11, Figure 4-9, Rear Payload Pallet Installed

   

Section 5 - Operating Limitations

• Page 5-1, Text - Introduction, Parking Limitations, Sortie Limitations

   

• Page 5-2, Figure 5-1, Allowable C.G. Envelope for Vehicle Fully Loaded

   

• Page 5-3, Figure 5-2, Parking Orientation Constraints

   

• Page 5-4, Text - Navigation system Limitations

   

Section 6 - Operating Timelines

• Page 6-1, Text - Introduction

   

• Page 6-2, Figure 6-1, LRV Deployment Timeline

   

• Page 6-3, Figure 6-1, LRV Deployment Timeline (continued)

   

• Page 6-4, Figure 6-1, LRV Deployment Timeline (continued)

   

• Page 6-5, Figure 6-1, LRV Deployment Timeline (continued)

   

• Page 6-6, Figure 6-1, LRV Deployment Timeline (continued)

   

• Page 6-7, Figure 6-2, LRV Post Deployment Checkout Timeline

   

• Page 6-8, Figure 6-2, LRV Post Deployment Checkout Timeline (continued)

   

• Page 6-9, Figure 6-3, Pre-Sortie Checkout and Preparation Timeline

   

• Page 6-10, Figure 6-3, Pre-Sortie Checkout and Preparation Timeline (continued)

   

• Page 6-11, Figure 6-4, Post-Sortie Shutdown timeline

   

• Page 6-12, Figure 6-5, Navigation Update Timeline

   

• Page 6-13, Figure 6-6, LRV Traction Drive Decoupling Timeline (Contingency Operation)

   

• Page 6-14, Figure 6-7, LRV Steering Decoupling Timeline (Contingency Operation)

   

• Page 6-15, Figure 6-8, LRV Rear Steering Recoupling Timeline (Contingency Operation)

   

• Page 6-16, Figure 6-9, 1G Trainer Battery Changeout

   

• Page 6-17, Figure 6-10, 1G Trainer Traction Drive Decoupling Timeline

   

• Page 6-18, Figure 6-11, 1G Trainer Steering Decoupling Timeline

   

Section 7 - Operating Profiles

• Page 7-1, Text - Normal Operating Profile

   

• Page 7-2, Figure 7-1, Nominal Operating Profile

   

• Page 7-3, Text - Contingency Operating Profiles

   

• Page 7-4, Text - 1G Trainer Operating Profile

   

• Page 7-5, Figure 7-2, Nominal Operating Profile for 1G Trainer

   

• Page 7-6, Text, 1G Trainer Contingency Operating Profile

   

Section 8 - 1G Trainer Non-Crew Procedures

• Page 8-1, Text - Introduction, General Procedures, Visual Inspection, General Repair

   

• Page 8-2, Figure 8-1, 1G Trainer Basic Vehicle Block Diagram

   

• Page 8-3, Figure 8-2, 1G Trainer Vehicle Power Distribution Block Diagram

   

• Page 8-4, Figure 8-3, 1G Trainer Vehicle Front Traction Drive Electrical Signal Routing Block Diagram

   

• Page 8-5, Figure 8-4, 1G Trainer Vehicle Rear Traction Drive Electrical Signal Routing Block Diagram

   

• Page 8-6, Figure 8-5, 1G Trainer Vehicle Front Steering Electrical Signal Routing Block Diagram

   

• Page 8-7, Figure 8-6, 1G Trainer Vehicle Rear Steering Electrical Signal Routing Block Diagram

   

• Page 8-8, Figure 8-7, 1G Trainer Odometer Electrical Signal Routing Block Diagram

   

• Page 8-9, Figure 8-8, 1G Trainer Vehicle Temperature Diagnostics Electrical Signal Routing Block Diagram

   

• Page 8-10, Text - General Repair (continued), Cleaning

   

• Page 8-11, Text - Storage, Safety Considerations

   

• Page 8-12, Text - Specific Procedures, Chassis, Hand Controller, Suspension

   

• Page 8-13, Text - Specific Procedures, Suspension (continued)

   

• Page 8-14, Text - Specific Procedures, Traction Drive

   

• Page 8-15, Table 8-1, 1G Trainer Steering Operation Data

   

• Page 8-16, Text - Specific Procedures, Wheels, Brakes

   

• Page 8-17, Figure 8-9, 1G Trainer Wheel Decoupling

   

• Page 8-18, Text - Specific Procedures, Brakes (continued)

   

• Page 8-19, Figure 8-10, 1G Trainer Brake Linkage

   

• Page 8-20, Text - Specific Procedures, Brakes (continued), Steering Unit

   

• Page 8-21, Text - Specific Procedures, Steering Unit (continued), Drive Power

   

• Page 8-22, Figure 8-11, 1G Trainer Steering Arm Clamping to Simulate Steering Decoupling

   

• Page 8-23, Text - Specific Procedures, Battery Change-Out

   

• Page 8-24, Figure 8-12, 1G Trainer Battery Installation

   

• Page 8-25, Text - Specific Procedures, Battery Change-Out (continued), Battery Recharging

   

• Page 8-26, Figure 8-13, 1G Trainer Battery Charging Circuit

   

• Page 8-27, Text - Specific Procedures, Battery Recharging (continued)

   

• Page 8-28, Text - Preventive Maintenance Assembly Remove and Replace Procedures

   

• Page 8-29, Text - Preventive Maintenance Assembly Remove and Replace Procedures (continued)

   

• Page 8-30, Text - Preventive Maintenance Assembly Remove and Replace Procedures (continued)

   

• Page 8-31, Text - Preventive Maintenance Assembly Remove and Replace Procedures (continued)

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