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"The plaintiff’s wish to correct what he regards as a widespread misconception about those who served the nation under the Articles of Confederation is laudable." --  Steven D. Merryday, United States District Judge


Stephen Toulmin

Born: March 25, 1922

A mathematician who later  received  Doctor of Philosophy  from Cambridge, he has spent most his life teaching at universities in the United States. His most important  rhetorical work is his book entitled The Uses of Argument. In this book he lays out a six element structural model by which rhetorical arguments can be analyzed..

Claim: The claim of the argument is the conclusion that someone is trying to justify in the argument.  

Grounds: The grounds of an argument are the facts on which the argument is based.

Warrant: The warrant of the argument assesses whether or not the claim is legitimate based on the grounds.

Backing: The backing of the argument gives additional support for a warrant by answering different questions.

Modal Qualifier:  The modal qualifier indicates the strength of the leap from the data to the warrant.
 

Rebuttal:  The rebuttal occurs when the leap from grounds to claim does not appear to be legitimate..

 

 

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Forgotten Founders Historic Documents and Coins of Freedom - By Stanley L. Klos

Forgotten United States Founders and Capitols



Samuel Huntington
First President of the United States of America
in Congress Assembled
March 1, 1781 to July 6, 1781


Ten Coins of Freedom
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Click Here For ORDER: "The plaintiff’s wish to correct what he regards as a widespread misconception about those who served the nation under the Articles of Confederation is laudable." --  Steven D. Merryday, United States District Judge

Keynote Address on the 2003 Re-Internment of Samuel and Martha Huntington


Cyrus Griffin
10th President of the United States
in Congress Assembled
January 22, 1788 to January 21, 1789


Ten Coins of Freedom
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Keynote Address on the 2003 Re-Internment of Samuel and Martha Huntington Part II


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