Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis(July
28, 1929 – May 19, 1994) was the wife of the 35thpresident
of the United States,John
F. Kennedy, and served asFirst
Ladyduring his presidency from
1961 until hisassassination
in 1963. She was later married toGreekshipping
magnateAristotle
Onassisfrom 1968 until his
death in 1975. In later years she had a successful career as a book editor.
She is remembered for her contributions to the arts and historic preservation,
her style and elegance, and her publicstoicismin
the wake of President Kennedy's assassination.
On her mother's side, Jacqueline was of halfIrishdescent,
and on her father's side, one-sixteenthFrenchandEnglish.
Michael Bouvier, Jacqueline's great-great-grandfather and closest French
ancestor, was a contemporary ofJoseph
BonaparteandStephen
Girard. He was a Philadelphia-based cabinetmaker, merchant and real estate
speculator.[citation
needed]
At a very early age she became an enthusiastic equestrienne,[2]and
horse-riding would remain a lifelong passion. As a child, she also enjoyed
drawing, reading and lacrosse.[citation
needed]
Bouvier spent her first two years of college atVassar
CollegeinPoughkeepsie,
New York, and spent her junior year (1949–1950) inFranceat
theUniversity
of Grenobleand theSorbonnein
a program throughSmith
College.[4]Upon
returning home to the United States, she transferred toGeorge
Washington UniversityinWashington,
D.C., graduating in 1951 with a bachelor of arts degree in French
literature.[5]Bouvier's
college graduation coincided with her sister's high school graduation, and the
two spent the summer of 1951 on a trip through Europe.[6]This
trip was the subject of Kennedy's only autobiographical book,One
Special Summer,which is also
the only one of her publications to feature her drawings.[7]
Following her graduation, Bouvier was hired as the Inquiring Photographer forThe
Washington Times-Herald. The position required her to pose witty
questions to individuals chosen at random on the street and take their
pictures to be published alongside selected quotations from their responses in
the newspaper. During this time, she was engaged to a young stock broker,John
Husted, for three months.[4]
Kennedy
marriage and family
Jacqueline Kennedy at Hammersmith Farm in Newport, Rhode Island on
the day of her wedding in 1953.
Jacqueline and then-SenatorJohn
Kennedybelonged to the same
social circle and often attended the same functions.[8]In
May 1952, at a dinner party organized by mutual friends, they were formally
introduced for the first time.[9]The
two began dating soon afterward, and theirengagementwas
officially announced on June 25, 1953.[10]
Bouvier married Kennedy on September 12, 1953, at St. Mary's Church inNewport,
Rhode Islandin a Mass
celebrated by Boston's ArchbishopRichard
Cushing.[11]An
estimated 700 guests attended the ceremony and 1,200 attended the reception
that followed atHammersmith
Farm.[12]
The wedding cake was created by Plourde's Bakery inFall
River, Massachusetts.[13]The
wedding dress, now housed in the
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