George
Gordon Noel Byron , sixth Baron Byron , better known as Lord Byron RS ( London ,
22 January 1788 - Missolonghi , 19 April 1824 ) was a poet and political English
.
Because of the dissolute life of his father, Captain John Byron, called "Mad
Jack" ("Jack the Fool"), he spent his childhood in Aberdeen , in Scotland , with
her mother Catherine Gordon of Gight, in financial straits. It was here in his
admiration for the seascape and mountains, and faith Calvinist predestination of
guilt.
He began to write poetry at age twelve, because of infatuation for a cousin.
Another relative left indelible traces in his mind. Entered in 1805 at Trinity
College in Cambridge , where he had a home course. The following year he
published anonymously Fugitive Pieces , which soon repudiated but then rewrote
it in 1807 under the title of Poems on various occasions , always anonymously.
In the
third printing, with the title of Hours of Idleness (Hours of Idleness),
appeared in his name, and the rejection of the work by Edinburgh Reviews
inspired him Bards and Scotch Reviewers Inglese , which mercilessly attacked all
the authors of his time, but Alexander Pope and his school. In this work we
outline its qualities as a writer: the satire fierce and misanthropy . In 1808
he moved to the family castle at Newstead Abbey Nottingham , left to him by his
great-uncle William ( 1722 - 1798 ), known as "The Wicked" ("The Evil"), and the
following year took his seat in the House of Lords .
Then he left for a long trip abroad, as was the custom of the British
aristocracy. Accompanied by John Cam Hobhouse set sail from Falmouth on 2 July
1809 in Lisbon , and Seville , Cadiz and Gibraltar . Arrived in Malta on August
19 , stayed there about a month before leaving for Preveza area of ' ethnic
Albania , port of ' Epirus , reached on September 20 1809 . From there to
Ioannina , where he met Ali Pasha . He wrote numerous books on ' Albania and its
territories, became famous thanks to this. Byron returned to Britain in July
1811 , but was unable to attend his sick mother, who died before his son could
reach it.
Soon came to the fore for his speeches, including the famous one against the
repression of the Luddites of 1812 , simultaneous output of the first two cantos
of Harold's Pilgrimage knight . Came the unexpected success, which was
accompanied by the triumph of the mundane. Zenith of his London period was the
relationship with Lady Caroline Lamb , the most admired lady of the moment.
Numerous works out from June 1813 to August 1814 : The Giaour, The Bride of
Abydos , The Corsair , Lara , all guided by the romantic melodrama.
The following year he married Anne Isabella Milbanke , an heiress devoted to
studies of mathematics . Improbable union, which sank soon, Byron was expecting
perhaps a lasting social arrangements. But already in 1816 , although the father
of Augusta Ada , Lady Lovelace and to become intimate with Charles Babbage , saw
his wife and daughter to leave his house, under the shade of fondatissimi
suspected of an incestuous relationship with Augusta Leigh, daughter of a
previous marriage of his father, which someone said was brought under the
spotlight to silence an equally founded on charges of homosexual relationships.
Forced
into exile by the scandal, the 24 April 1816 he left for ever 's England . After
a short stay in Belgium to visit the field of Waterloo , accompanied by Hobhouse
walked in Switzerland , in Geneva, where he lived in the house of ' Italian
Diodati . Here he was joined by the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley with his
girlfriend Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin and her stepsister Claire Clairmont. The
latter had already known in England, just before leaving, and she had had a
brief affair, during his stay in Switzerland, Claire becomes pregnant of the
poet. A girl is born, Up, in January 1817 : Byron put it in the convent of
Bagnacavallo , in Romagna, where he died very young. Visit the Castle of Chillon,
where he left his name and graffiti, always during the stay in Geneva wrote The
Prisoner of Chillon (The prisoner of Chillon ), released in December 1816, and
The dream as well as some chapters dell'Aroldo and Manfredi. This probably
reflects the Faust of Goethe , whom he met shortly before, and that, according
to some critics, highlight the burning pain of separation from Augusta.
In 1817 he moved to Mira, a town 20 km from Venice , and then to Venice, where
he lived for three years. Here he learned the 'Armenian's Italian and Veneto ,
and worked to ' Harold, to Beppo , and the first two cantos of Don Juan , which
caused a furore in England, although published anonymously in 1819 . In Venice
he met eighteen year old Teresa Gamba Guiccioli, wife of the rich and sixty
Ravenna Alessandro Guiccioli: Teresa became his mistress and Byron moved to
Ravenna, where he wrote three other songs of Don Juan , while dedicating the
theater type Alfieri , as evidenced by Marin Faliero, Sardanapalus and The Two
Foscari, all in 1821. He also made a trip to Ferrara and visited the rate of
cell where he was locked up and where he wrote The Lament of Tasso .
Between 1820 and 1821 entered the Carbonari through the contacts of the brother
of Theresa, Count Gamba. The failure of the agitation and confiscation of the
goods of the leg, which was added to the separation from her husband of Teresa,
forced the three to take refuge in Pisa , where Byron came in November after
publishing Cain. In Pisa, as well as the Werner or Inheritance , writes Deformed
Transformed and four other songs of Don Juan. Following a fight between his home
and a sergeant of dragoons to issues facing the uniform Ussero Coffee, Byron is
forced to move to Livorno, staying in Villa Dupouy.
In 1822 he spent a period in Porto Venere where he devoted himself to writing
and to the practice of swimming that is passionate lover. According to an
anecdote he even swam across the bay, swimming for eight miles to San Terenzo,
to visit Mr and Mrs Shelley , who had already met in Geneva . On 3 May 1810 swam
across the Dardanelles.
Guest in their home, began publishing a magazine "Liberal" with Leigh Hunt ,
which is The Vision of Judgment, in bitter controversy with Poet Laureate
Southey, who had published a work of the same name in memory of George III .
Needless to mention is the shameless flattery of the latter that the cynical
version Byronic. On the same Liberal was published Heaven and Earth - A Mystery
, which aroused in Goethe the comment "could be the work of a bishop. " Deep in
fact it was the religious conversion to Catholicism following the death of
Byron's daughter Allegra almost contemporary and Shelley.
Byron left the Grand Duchy of Tuscany to Genoa when the leg were expelled and,
convinced Teresa to return to Ravenna , while returning from a malaria in 1823
he embarked with Count Gamba and Trelawney to Kefalonia. Here was forming
between sharp differences of ideas a team to support English Greek War of
Independence against the Ottoman Empire . Byron left the island at the
invitation of Alexander Maurocordato, liberator of the city of Missolonghi by '
Ottoman siege.
He landed at Patras in January 1824 , where he lived the last months of his
life, the stark contrasts between the rebels. As a result of rheumatic fever in
tramutatasi meningitis , died delirious Missolonghi, the 19 April . With him,
found the manuscript of the incomplete seventeenth canto of Don Juan. The body
was buried in the family chapel of Newstead, already sold in 1818, his remains
were later transferred to the Church of Hucknall.
It is certain that Lord Byron was suffering from a congenital malformation,
probably a club foot. He was limping a bit 'on the right leg, and he was aware
of his incapacity, and it is probably for this reason that practiced many
sports.
