Albert
Camus ( Mondovi , 7 November 1913 - Villeblevin , 4 January 1960 ) was a
philosopher , essayist , novelist and playwright French .
As some critics consider Camus difficult to categorize in a literary movement
called, there is no doubt that he draws the inspiration for his fiction from the
philosophical existential anxieties of society European Union between the two
wars . And it is on this basis that he deserves to be considered one of the
fathers of ' existentialism beside twentieth-century atheist Jean-Paul Sartre ,
in spite of the strong elements of contrast between the two, which must however
be seen from the ethical-political rather than philosophical . Both members of
the Resistance , which militated in Combat training, and the French Communist
Party , but soon Camus shows the incompatibility of his vision of the world with
Marxism orthodox left the party and approaches the anarchist movement .
It was the Nobel Prize for literature in 1957 (his speeches on the occasion of
the withdrawal of the award are collected in Discours de Suède published by
Gallimard ).
His work has always tended result to the study of perturbations of the human
soul in front of the ' existence . The search for a deep and genuine bond
between human beings is made impossible by ' absurd looming human existence.
The search for the inter-human relationship that continually escapes tremendous
effort that is similar to Sisyphus takes to return to the same point. The human
connection seems to finally be nothing else that become aware of the absurd and
try to overcome it in solidarity. But the absurdity of certain events to sever
the bond itself, such as the war and the division of thought in general, it is
incumbent on men as an evil deity who is at the same time of slaves and rebels,
victims and executioners.
The sole purpose of living and acting, for Camus, seems to express itself
dialectically out experiential intimacy, in fighting the social injustice, as
well as expressions of little humanity, such as the death penalty . "If nature
condemns to death the man, at least the man does not do it, "he used to say.
Novels
The Stranger ( L'Etranger 1942 ), Simon and Schuster, 1947.
The Plague ( La Peste 1947 ), Simon and Schuster, 1948.
The Fall ( La Chute 1956 ), Garzanti 1975.
The Happy Death ( La Mort heureuse , posthumously in 1971 ), Rizzoli 1974.
The First Man ( Le Premier Homme , unfinished, begun in 1959 , published
posthumously in 1994 ).
Suivi Noces de l'été 1959
Essays
Christian Metaphysics and Neoplatonism , Diabasis 2004.
The reverse and the right, Wedding, Summer ( L'envers et l'endroit 1937 ), Simon
and Schuster, 1972.
The Myth of Sisyphus ( Le Mythe de Sisyphe 1942 ), Simon and Schuster, 1947.
The revolt libertarian , Eleuthera 1998. ( Albert Camus et les libertaires ,
collected in 2008).
The Rebel ( L'Homme révolté 1951 ), Simon and Schuster, 1962.
Summer ( The Été 1954 ).
Reflections on the death penalty ( Reflexions sur la peine capital in 1957 ).
Notebooks 1935-1959 , Simon and Schuster, 1963.
I then addressed us, political writings , Eleuthera 2008.
Plays
Caligula ( Caligula 1944 ), Simon and Schuster, 1974.
The misunderstanding ( The Malentendu 1944 ).
The state of siege ( L'État de siège 1948 ).
The righteous ( Les Justes 1950 ).
Demons ( Les Possédés 1959 ), a theatrical adaptation of ' eponymous novel by
Dostoevsky .
The devotion to the cross theatrical adaptation of the play by Pedro Calderón de
la Barca. Published in France by Gallimard in Italy by Diabasis in 2005.